When was Pinochet in power? This question often arises when discussing the history of Chile, a country that experienced a significant political upheaval in the late 20th century. General Augusto Pinochet, a military leader, came to power in a coup d’état on September 11, 1973, and ruled Chile for 17 years until his resignation in 1990.
The coup d’état that brought Pinochet to power was a response to the socialist government of Salvador Allende, who had been elected in 1970. Allende’s presidency was marked by his efforts to implement socialist policies, which led to increased tensions between the government and the military. The coup was carried out by the Chilean Armed Forces, with Pinochet assuming the role of de facto president.
During his time in power, Pinochet’s regime was characterized by a severe crackdown on political dissent and human rights abuses. The Pinochet government is estimated to have killed or disappeared thousands of political opponents, activists, and suspected communists. The use of torture, enforced disappearances, and arbitrary detentions were widespread during this period.
The human rights abuses committed under Pinochet’s rule have been extensively documented by various organizations, including the United Nations and the Chilean government itself. The Rettig Report, published in 1991, was one of the first comprehensive accounts of the human rights violations during the Pinochet era. It revealed that over 3,000 people were killed or disappeared, and many more were subjected to torture and other forms of abuse.
Despite the widespread criticism and international pressure, Pinochet remained in power until 1990. His resignation came after a controversial plebiscite, which was held to determine whether he should continue as president. The plebiscite resulted in a narrow victory for the “No” campaign, which called for Pinochet’s resignation. In December 1990, Pinochet stepped down as president and was succeeded by Patricio Aylwin, who initiated a transition to democracy.
Pinochet’s rule left a lasting impact on Chilean society and politics. The country has since grappled with the legacy of the dictatorship, including the need to address the human rights violations and the economic policies implemented during Pinochet’s regime. The process of reconciliation and healing has been ongoing, with various initiatives aimed at promoting truth, justice, and social cohesion.
In conclusion, Pinochet was in power from September 11, 1973, to March 11, 1990. His rule was marked by a severe crackdown on political dissent and human rights abuses, which continue to be a source of controversy and reflection in Chilean society. The legacy of Pinochet’s regime remains a significant aspect of Chilean history and politics.
